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 cylinders. The two exhaust manifolds on each
b. Intake Manifold Heater (fig. 1-12).
cylinder b a n k are connected to the tur-
(1) The intake manifold (figs. 1-1 and 1-5)
bosupercharger on their respective side of the
which distributes induction air to each bank of
engine.
cylinders is equipped with an electrically
operated flame type intake manifold heater. The
enter a turbosupercharger and are forced around
heater is provided as an aid for cold weather
a turbine housing, radially inward, and through
starting and cold weather operations. Operation
a nozzle ring, toward the turbine wheel. The
of the heater switch (in the vehicle operator's
exhaust gases drive the turbine wheel which in
compartment) energizes the manifold heater fuel
turn, drives the compressor wheel since both
solenoid valve, the heater ignition unit, and
wheels are on a common shaft. Intake manifold
spark plug for each heater simultaneously. Fuel
air enters at the center of the compressor wheel
is hand pumped through the manifold heater fuel
and flows radially outward through a diffuser
filter and fuel solenoid valve and sprayed into the
section into the compressor housing. The air at
intake manifold. The fuel is ignited by the spark
increased velocity then leaves through a
plug and burns in the intake manifold as the
tangential outlet on the outside of the compressor
engine is cranking, and the flame heats the
housing, and enters the intake manifold.
incoming air. This flame-heated air and the
c. The exhaust gases are expelled from the
products of combustion are fed directly into the
turbosuperchargers into the vehicle exhaust
cylinders with little heat loss. This results in an
system.
immediate engine response, and assures com-
plete combustion at low engine rpm and at no-
1-21. Cooling System
load operating conditions with low ambient
temperature.
Note. The key letters shown below in
(2) The manifold heater fuel inlet solenoid
parentheses refer to figure 1-8.
valve prevents fuel pumped by the fuel pump
assembly from entering the air intake manifold
a. Fans. The top of the engine is shrouded to
heater unless the heater system is energized. A
house two cooling fans (WW and NN) which
manifold heater fuel return solenoid valve is
draw cool air from the underside of the engine,
located at the rear of the engine. The valve is also
through the cylinder fins, and discharge the hot
energized (opened ) when the ignition unit and
air vertically from the top shroud. The fans are
heater spark plugs are energized to permit excess
attached to adapters (MM) and are mounted on
fuel to be returned to the fuel tanks. The main
shafts which are driven through a fan drive
fuel check valve prevents back flow of the fuel
clutch assembly (LL). The rear fan clutch is
when the purge pump in the driver's com-
driven by the rear fan drive shaft (GG), fan drive
partment is actuated.
bevel gearshaft (FF), and fan driven gearshaft
(HH). The front fan clutch is driven by the front
System
Exhaust
and
Tur-
fan drive shaft (EE ) and another fan driven
bosupercharger
gearshaft (HH).
a. The exhaust system consists of four
manifolds, one for each group of three adjacent
1-17
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