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TM 750-245-4
8-11. Resistance Welding
c. Hammer Welding. A process in which heat is
This is a welding process in which a weld is made by
obtained from a forge or furnace and hammer blows are
heat obtained front resistance of the work to the flow of
used to apply pressure.
an electric current in a circuit of which the work is a part
and by the application of pressure.
8-9. Brazing
a. Resistance-Spot Welding. The size and shape
A group of welding processes in which the filler metal is
of the individually formed welds are limited primarily by
a nonferrous metal or alloy with a melting point above
the size and contour of the electrodes. The electrodes
800 degrees Fahrenheit, but lower than that of the
apply pressure.
metals to be joined.  The filler metal is distributed
b. Resistance-Seam Welding.
This weld is a
between the closely fitted surfaces of the joint by
series of overlapping spot welds made progressively
capillary attraction.
along a joint by rotating the circular electrodes.  The
a. Torch Brazing. A process in which a gas flame
electrodes apply pressure.
produces the necessary heat.
c. Projection Welding. These welds are localized
b. Twin-Carbon-Arc Brazing. A process in which
at predetermined points by the design of the parts to be
an arc is maintained between two carbon electrodes to
welded.  The localization is usually accomplished by
produce the necessary heat.
projections,  embossments,  or  intersections.
The
c. Furnace Brazing. A process in which a furnace
electrodes apply pressure.
produces the necessary heat.
d. Flash  Welding.
This  weld  is  made
d. Induction Brazing. A process in which heat is
simultaneously over the entire area of abutting surfaces
obtained from resistance of the work to the flow of
by the application of pressure after the heating is
induced electric current.
substantially completed.  Flashing is accomplished by
e. Dip Brazing.
A process in which heat is
expulsion of metal from the joint.
obtained in a molten chemical or metal bath. The bath
e. Upset  Welding.
This  weld  is  made
provides the filler metal.
simultaneously over the entire area of abutting surfaces
f. Resistance Brazing. A process in which heat is
or progressively along a joint.  Pressure is applied
obtained from resistance to the flow of electric current in
before heating is started and is maintained Throughout
a circuit of which the work is a part.
the heating period.
g. Block Brazing.  A process in which heat is
f. Percussion Welding.
This weld is made
obtained from heated blocks applied to the part to be
simultaneously over the entire area of abutting surfaces
joined.
by the heat obtained from an arc. The arc is produced
h. Flow Brazing.  A process in which heat is
by a rapid discharge of electrical energy.
It is
obtained from molten nonferrous filler metal poured
extinguished by pressure percussively applied during
over the joint until the brazing temperature is attained.
the discharge.
8-10. Flow Welding
8-12. Induction Welding
This is a welding process in which molten-filler metal is
A welding process in which a weld is made by the heat
poured over the surfaces to be welded until the welding
obtained from resistance of the work to the flow of
temperature has been attained, and the required filler
induced electric current, with or without the application
metal has been added. The filler metal is not distributed
of pressure.
to the joint by capillary attraction.
Section III. WELD INSPECTION
8-13. General
b. Destructive. Destructive inspection of repaired
Welds must be examined to detect any condition or
items is not recommended, because so will destroy the
defect that may impair the reliability of the welded joint.
item.  The inspector may have samples made for
Examination of the welds may be accomplished by three
destructive inspection. These samples should simulate
methods;  nondestructive  (visual),  destructive,  and
the type metal and process of the item it represents.
metallurgical.
c. Metallurgical.  Metallurgical inspection is not
a. Nondestructive.  This inspection is visual and
used by the QC inspector but is included for
requires that the inspector have a thorough knowledge
informational purposes. At some time, the information
of what he is inspecting.
presented may be required.
8-4

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